Uji Efektivitas Beberapa Pelarut Pada Proses Identifikasi Metabolit Sekunder Kulit Pisang (Musa Paradisiaca) Secara Kualitatif
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Abstract
Kulit pisang mengandung komponen aktif yang dapat dijadikan bahan baku pengembangan produk berpotensi antioksidan, selain itu dapat mengatasi pencemaran limbah kulit pisang. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan uji efektivitas beberapa jenis pelarut polar dan non polar dalam mengidentifikasi metabolit sekunder pada simplisia kulit pisang .Dengan tujuan menjadi landasan bagi penelitian lainnya dalam proses ekstraksi kulit pisang, sehingga akan didapatkan kandungan senyawa aktif dalam jumlah maksimal jika pelarut yang digunakan dapat menarik komponen aktif dengan optimal. Penelitian ini menggunakan empat jenis pelarut yakni etanol, metanol, etanol dicampur aseton, dan n-heksan. Kemudian keefektifan nya dilihat dari kemampuannya dalam mengidentifikasi metabolit sekunder pada simplisia kulit pisang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan ketiga jenis pelarut yakni, metanol, etanol dan campuran etanol dan aseton dapat mengidentifikasi metabolit sekunder kulit pisang , namun pelarut n-heksan tidak dapat mengidentifikasi metabolit sekunder kulit pisang. Kemudian dari ketiga pelarut tersebut yang mempunyai efektivitas paling besar adalah metanol. Metanol dapat mengidentifikasi empat jenis metabolit sekunder yakni flavonoid, fenolik, tanin dan saponin dengan lebih cepat dan menunjukan perubahan warna yang lebih signifikan. Berdasarkan hasil ini dapat dikatakan bahwa simplisia kulit pisang berpotensi antioksidan karena positif mengandung beberapa metabolit sekunder dan untuk mendapatkan ekstrak yang maksimal dapat digunakan metanol sebagai pelarut untuk proses ekstraksi
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