Analisis Kandungan Senyawa Minyak Atsiri pada Komoditas Kulit Buah Jeruk dalam Berbagai Macam Metode Distilasi
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Abstract
Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang memiliki kekayaan hayati yang cukup melimpah seperti banyaknya jenis komoditas buah jeruk. Buah jeruk di Indonesia hanya digunakan untuk dikonsumsi saja sedangkan kulitnya dianggap sebagai limbah yang tidak terpakai. Padahal sebenarnya kulit buah jeruk bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai sesuatu yang lebih bernilai misalnya diolah sebagai minyak atsiri. Maka dari itu, perlu diketahui kandungan senyawa apa saja yang dapat dijadikan sebagai minyak atsiri dan jenis metode yang bisa digunakan. Literatur review ini dilakukan dengan tujuan merangkum dan memberi informasi kepada pembaca mengenai kandungan senyawa minyak atsiri yang ada dalam kulit buah jeruk dan jenis metode yang bisa digunakan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian literatur review ini yaitu menggunakan pencarian data base melalui Google Scholar (2013-2023). Berdasarkan hasil pencarian didapatkan 10 jurnal dengan berbagai jenis kulit jeruk yang berpotensi sebagai minyak atsiri. Berdasarkan hasil literatur review didapatkan Kandungan senyawa minyak atsiri yang ditemukan di dalam kulit jeruk yaitu limonene, pinene, citral, β myrcene, β asaron, germacren, sabinene, β citrellol, citronellal, terpininol, acid, β citral, β pinene, citral, β phellandrene, dan α myrcene. Adapun senyawa minyak atsiri yang paling sering ditemukan disetiap jenis kulit jeruk yaitu limonene dengan persentase tertinggi yaitu 98,70%. Sedangkan metode yang sering digunakan untuk mengekstraksi senyawa minyak atsiri adalah destilasi uap.
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